After injuring the spinal cords, the stem cells were implanted at the site of the injury. The control mice that received no cells had no improvement in neural activity. The mice that received both cell types had improved neural activity. The cultured Mesenchymal stem cell group improved significantly more than the native bone marrow stem cell group.

Stem Cell Rev. 2012 May 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Stem Cell Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury: In Vivo and Postmortem Tracking of Bone Marrow Mononuclear or Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
Ozdemir M, Attar A, Kuzu I, Ayten M, Ozgencil E, Bozkurt M, Dalva K, Uckan D, Kılıc E, Sancak T, Kanpolat Y, Beksac M.

Source
School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Pamukkale University, 20070, Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey, drmevci@hotmail.com.

Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this study was to address the question of whether bone marrow-originated mononuclear cells (MNC) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) induce neural regeneration when implanted intraspinally.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study design included 4 groups of mice: Group 1, non-traumatized control group; Groups 2, 3 and 4 spinal cord traumatized mice with 1 g force Tator clips, which received intralesionally either no cellular implants (Group 2), luciferase (Luc) (+) MNC (Group 3) or MSC (Group 4) obtained from CMV-Luc or beta-actin Luc donor transgenic mice. Following the surgery until decapitation, periodical radioluminescence imaging (RLI) and Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) evaluations was performed to monitor neural activity. Postmortem immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyze the fate of donor type implanted cells.

RESULTS:
All mice of Groups 3 and 4 showed various degrees of improvement in the BMS scores, whereas there was no change in Groups 1 and 2. The functional improvement was significantly better in Group 4 compared to Group 3 (18 vs 8, p = 0.002). The immunohistochemical staining demonstrated GFP(+)Luc(+) neuronal/glial cells that were also positive with one or more of these markers: nestin, myelin associated glycoprotein, microtubule associated protein or myelin oligodendrocyte specific protein, which is considered as indicator of donor type neuronal regeneration. Frequency of donor type neuronal cells; Luc + signals and median BMS scores were observed 48-64 % and 68-72 %; 44-80 %; 8 and 18 within Groups III and IV respectively.

DISCUSSION:
MSCs were more effective than MNC in obtaining neuronal recovery. Substantial but incomplete functional improvement was associated with donor type in vivo imaging signals more frequently than the number of neuronal cells expressing donor markers in spinal cord sections in vitro. Our results are in favor of functional recovery arising from both donor MSC and MNCs, contributing to direct neuronal regeneration and additional indirect mechanisms.

Stem Cell Recipient Kathy Hebert

Each day my body was wracked with pain in the muscles, joints, and connective tissue to the joints. No amount or type of pain killers relieved the pain in order for me to get restorative sleep. I soon forgot what it felt like to feel “rested”. Each morning, upon waking, I experienced severe nausea which worsened upon any activity such as talking or sitting up for more than 30 minutes. Standing was difficult, and a wheelchair was necessary.

Because I am a musician, I continued to play the piano or organ, but that effort caused me to spend a minimum of two days in bed asleep in order to recover from the expenditure of strength and energy. At my best times, I could spend an hour talking with a friend, but the result was a day in bed in order to recover. Riding in a vehicle always increased the suffering I had to endure, and many times the planned activity had to be cancelled due to the brief car ride causing me to be too sick to sit up any longer. Eating food made me sick within ten minutes, causing me to return to bed for hours. Talking on the phone while in bed was too fatiguing, and it wasn’t long until that activity ended.

As the years passed, my days were spent sleeping or trying to get sleep in order to escape from the terrible sickness I felt inside my body as well as the pain. While I tried on a small scale to participate in life going on around me, enduring the resulting suffering which always came afterwards was more than I could tolerate.

In August 2010, my daughter, Miranda Hebert, took me to Panama for a stem cell treatment with the hopes of finding a way to “knock the edge” off the suffering I was having to endure. The doctors at the Stem Cell Institute told me that it would be 30 days or more before I would be able to tell a difference. What a pleasant surprise it was to feel a difference in my pain in just 3 hours after my first infusion!!! In one week I was running up a flight of stairs at my hotel! All of my friends and family could see a difference in my face, the way I held my body, and most especially in the way I moved! I could run!!! Not only was the pain diminished, but the symptoms of the illness disappeared. It was truly a miracle, and I am very thankful for this treatment and for the doctors who worked so hard to make this possible for people like me who need a respite from the suffering.

This month, Feb. 2012, I had a second stem cell treatment and noticed an additional benefit which I never expected. My cognitive abilities have healed in the most remarkable manner. Chronic Fatigue patients typically experience a “foggy” feeling in the brain. That went away after my first treatment almost two years ago. This second benefit is in addition to the “foggy” feeling being healed.

I am presently working as an Accompanist at Winthrop University, Rock Hill, SC and am accompanying an opera as well as playing other works for piano. Before this second stem cell treatment, I was struggling with the process of learning the music. However, when I returned from Panama and sat at the piano to begin working, the music just flowed! My brain was able to comprehend the music so much easier than I expected, and my playing showed the results! Those people who hear me play on a weekly basis could hear the difference.

Other benefits have included a strong increase in concentration and reading comprehension. Before stem cell treatments, I could not tolerate reading a magazine article which is less taxing than a book. Not only did the reading process make me nauseated, but the sickness in my body increased the more I read. The difference these two treatments have made has changed my life! No one ever mentioned to me the neural benefits of the stem cell treatments! This was definitely a most unexpected and pleasant benefit for which I am very grateful.

Kathy Hebert

Coach Sam Harrell at Ennis High School

Brownwood Lion Head Coach, Bob Shipley announced that Harrell will be joining the team as quarterback coach.

Sam coached all three of his sons at Ennis High School, most notably his son Graham Harrell. Graham was a standout quarterback at Texas Tech and now plays for the Green Bay Packers.

During his career at Ennis, Harrell pioneered the spread offense that led the team to three Texas state championships.

“I told the kids this morning,” said Coach Shipley when asked about how he addressed the team, “And I didn’t have to explain who Sam Harrell was, they knew. And they just erupted in applause and they were just looking at each other with their jaws dropped open, like they couldn’t believe that Coach Harrell was going to come and be apart of our staff.”

“Sam just really liked the thought of coming and not being the head coach and not being the offensive coordinator, but just coaching the quarterbacks, which is really what his passion is.”

The Stem Cell Institute was founded in 2005 by Neil Riordan PhD and has treated over 1,500 patients to-date. Find out more about stem cell therapy for MS at www.cellmedicine.com

Spinal cord injury patient, Chris Niles, discusses his improvements after undergoing stem cell therapy at the the Stem Cell Institute in Panama City, Panama. Chris now has sensation down to about a T10 level and has regained movement in his feet.

For 32 years, Harrell worked in a profession where success is measured by a scoreboard in front of thousands.

These days, life’s little victories — unaccompanied by cheers or Gatorade showers — are just as satisfying.

Harrell can jump up and down in his living room. He can walk across a parking lot without a cane or a walker. He can spend hours at Kolache Depot Bakery without getting fatigued.

Harrell hasn’t beaten multiple sclerosis, but he is successfully living with it.

“It puts everything in perspective,” Harrell said. “Now, I’d rather play catch with my grandson in the back yard than win a state championship. When that gets taken away from you, you realize how precious it is.”

Harrell was 153-51 in 16 seasons at Ennis, winning Class 4A state titles in 2000, ’01 and ’04. He coached all three of his sons — Graham, now a backup quarterback with the Green Bay Packers; Zac, the offensive coordinator at Van High School; and Clark, who finished his college career at Abilene Christian in 2010 and now works as a financial planner.

It was in 2005, while he was on the tennis court, that Harrell’s vision in one eye became blurry. An eye specialist sent him to a neurologist, who, after running tests, gave Harrell the best possible diagnosis: He had MS.

“I didn’t know whether I was supposed to cheer or cry,” Harrell said. “I got the best of the three things it could be, but the bad news is: I have MS.”

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, unpredictable disease that affects the central nervous system. The immune system eats away the myelin sheath surrounding the nerves. Symptoms vary from person to person. Mild symptoms include numbness in the limbs, weakness, fatigue and blurred vision. Severe symptoms include paralysis and loss of vision.

There is no known cure for MS.

Harrell chose to keep the news a secret from everyone except his wife, Kathy. He didn’t reveal the diagnosis for four years, though, as his condition worsened, those close to Harrell knew something was wrong.

“We’d go to practice, and he had to take a golf cart,” Graham Harrell said in a phone interview after a recent Packers practice. “Sometimes he was off balance a little bit, or shaky walking. So there were times we knew something wasn’t quite right, but we didn’t know exactly what was going on until he finally told us.

“It was hard to watch, obviously, especially with him wanting to coach, and yet not being able to do it like he used to. But recently, he’s seen great improvement, and that’s huge encouragement not only to him, but to us, and hopefully he’ll continue to get better.”

Sam Harrell knew his MS wouldn’t kill him, but he thought not coaching might.

Sam’s father, Jake, established the family business at Seminole, where he spent 20 seasons, including 10 as the head coach. But Sam Harrell’s health forced him to quit coaching before the 2010 season.

“That’s all I’d done my whole life,” Harrell said, “so I was sick about it. I just didn’t know what I was going to do.

“I do wish I could still do it, but I haven’t died from not coaching.”

Harrell, in fact, is alive and well. He credits three trips to Panama for his improved health.

After he retired from coaching, Harrell began researching regenerative medicine. Stem cell treatment is not approved in the United States, but Dr. Neil Riordan, who lives in Trophy Club, is the founder of the Stem Cell Institute in Panama.

Riordan is one of the leading stem cell scientists in the world.

Harrell talked to several of Riordan’s patients, including Richard Humphries, a golf coach out of Diamond Oaks Country Club in Fort Worth. Humphries was diagnosed with MS in 2005. He began stem cell treatments in 2008.

Stem cell treatments introduce new cells, which have regenerative potential, into damaged tissue to treat disease or injury.

“After talking to Richard, I didn’t have the money, but I knew I was going to go,” Harrell said. “I mean, what did I have to lose? I knew where I was headed if I didn’t go. I was going downhill fast. So why wouldn’t I go try this?”

Friends, family and fellow coaches held fundraisers for Harrell’s treatments. Harrell’s first trip to Panama, which was four weeks, cost $40,000. He has been back twice more, the last time in September.

It wasn’t until the third visit that Harrell saw dramatic results.

“MS is like a two-hump camel,” Humphries said. “You can get over the first hump of active T-Cells fairly easily, but the second hump, the memory T-Cells, sometimes bring our MS symptoms back, as it did with Sam.

“He was extremely disappointed for taking the two steps back after three steps forward. I told him it may take another two or three treatments to really get you going again. Needless to say, he could not stop smiling and was greatly relieved. Now, he is seeing the results.”

Harrell is a strong Christian and is quick to credit God and prayer for his recovery. But he also is a big believer in stem cell therapy. Kathy Harrell is a more recent convert.

She was skeptical until seeing the change in Harrell.

“I just feel really grateful that these are good days and good months, and I’m not going to worry about next year,” Kathy Harrell said. “It just makes you thankful that things are good right now, and he’s pretty mobile. This disease reminds you to just be thankful for the day, so that’s what we’re doing. I realize now it can be worse.”

By Charean Williams

The rules were drafted by the state board, which licenses and disciplines doctors, at the request of Houston’s Dr. Stanley Jones, the same man who in July 2011 injected Perry with the governor’s own stem cells in order to help him recover from a back injury, Nathan Koppel of the Wall Street Journal said.

Koppel noted that the new regulations will make it easier for medical professionals in Texas to offer the experimental treatments without needing to obtain federal approval, while the AP added that the rules to require patients to provide their express consent to the procedure, as well as receive approval from a review board before the stem cell therapy is permitted to begin.

“We know this is far from a perfect policy, but our hope is that this affords people in Texas seeking this therapy some protection,” Texas Medical Board President Dr. Irwin Zeitler told Todd Ackerman of the Houston Chronicle. “The wheels of federal government move so slowly – we’re not willing to wait to protect our patients.”

The rules were approved by a 10-4 vote, and members of the board have promised that they will consider revising and improving the policy as early as June, when they meet again, Ackerman said. The official start date for the new policy was not announced, but staffers told the Chronicle that it will be at least 30 days.

While Perry has lauded the stem cell treatment he has received, not everyone shares his enthusiasm for the procedure, according to Minjae Park of the New York Times.

Some researchers argue that the evidence of stem cell injections is anecdotal in nature, and that the results of clinical trials should ideally be obtained before doctors are allowed to perform the treatment, which can cost tens of thousands of dollars, added Park.

Leigh Turner, a professor at the University of Minnesota’s Center for Bioethics, told the New York Times, that there were “some real problems” with the Texas regulations, adding that the “protective mechanism that they’re focusing on” would not be able to do terribly much.

Mario Salinas, the director of Texans for Stem Cell Research, countered that the rules would protect patients and help eliminate treatments without some kind of oversight. As he told Park, “Doing something at this point is better than doing nothing… This is just the first step.”

Stem Cells for Spinal Cord Injury Patient Daniel Leonard

Daniel Leonard is doing all he can to walk again, and after a recent course of stem cell treatment he’s as close as he has been since a few months after the 2005 injury that put him a wheelchair.

He was 22 years old and about to begin his third year of college when he woke up one August morning on the floor at his family’s Johnson City home unable to move and struggling to breathe.

While the cause of his injury remains a mystery, what is known is that three vertebrae near the top of his spine had been crushed, leaving him paralyzed from the neck down, on a ventilator and not expected to never walk or even breathe on his own again.

Six months after undergoing surgery to remove the bone fragments from his spinal cord, Leonard, who had played several sports in high school and was boxing at the Johnson City Athletic club prior to his injury, was exceeding all expectations.

In treatment at the Patricia Neal Rehabilitation Center in Knoxville, he was not only breathing independently, he was pulling himself up on parallel bars and being fitted with leg braces to help him take his first steps.

Then the unthinkable happed, again. Because there had been nothing done to stabilize his damaged vertebrae, his spine collapsed at the site of his injury and all of his progress was lost.

“I worked my butt off to get to the point I was about to start walking,” he said. But the gains he had made in upper body strength were erased and there was no longer any movement in his legs.

After a second surgery to fuse the bones, his condition was labeled as “incomplete paraplegia” characterized by limited movement and sensation in all the muscles below his neck and none at all in his legs. Doctors told his family he would never be able to move his legs, and for many years he could not.

For a while, he lived independently with the assistance of a caregiver. When his caregiver left, he moved to a nursing home, expecting to stay only long enough to find another place and another caregiver. But without money to finance that plan, months turned into years and the Four Oaks Health Care Center in Jonesborough became his home for the long term.

Early last year, things took a turn for the better when for reasons unknown he began to regain some movement in his legs. Encouraged, Leonard once again threw all his effort into physical therapy. In October, he began working out regularly with Amy Caperton, a personal trainer at the Tri-Cities Lifestyles fitness center in Johnson City, and coupled that with physical therapy at the new Mountain States Rehabilitation Center.

His family, who had long believed stem cell treatment would provide his best chance at recovery, stepped up their efforts to pay for the treatment.

His sister, Rachael Leonard, a business consultant who had been following the progress of stem cell research and exploring treatment options since a few days after Daniel was injured, zeroed in on The Stem Cell Institute, a reputable facility in Panama founded by Neil Riordan PhD, that concentrates on treatment of spinal cord injuries, muscular sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and heart disease.

His mother and siblings pooled their resources and came up with about half the $45,000 needed for the $35,000 cost of his first four-week course of treatment and travel expenses for Daniel, Rachel and their mother, Diane, to make the trip to Panama.

The balance was raised through a series of small benefits — dinners at area restaurants, a concert and an auction, and through many individual gifts and online contributions to Daniel’s fundraising page, www.givefoward.com/danielleonardstemcells.

“People we know around here and businesses were very generous and there was a lot of money raised,” his mother said.

To clear up any misconceptions about the treatment, the family emphasized to everyone interested that the stem cells used at the institute come from umbilical cords donated by new parents and the patients’ own bone marrow and referred them to www.cellmedicine.com for specifics.

“I’m not trying to tell people what to do with their own bodies, but for me, if it had been kill a baby to walk again, there’s no way I would have,” Daniel Leonard said.

The family finally made it to Panama in February. The treatment began with two weeks of daily cord blood cell injections into his spinal fluid and two hours of “intense interval” therapy that requires Leonard to work his muscles as hard as possible for one minute, rest for two minutes and repeat the process over the course of an hour.

“One hour is what they do, but with what I had been doing with Amy already, I thought I needed more,” he said.

The injections were painful and the workouts exhausting, so Leonard was relieved when Panama’s annual carnival week celebration gave him a week of rest before the treatment resumed with another two weeks of daily injections of cells drawn from his hip bones.

On the second day of his fourth week of treatment, Leonard experienced his first noticeable improvement when he flexed the right calf muscle he had not been able to move in years. The following day he felt himself contracting the pectoral muscles in his chest.

Day by day he’s regaining strength and there have been many small, but encouraging, gains that have also been obvious to caregivers. At Four Oaks, his aides are changing the way they handle things. While transferring Leonard from bed to a chair, it’s easier for them to raise him to his feet to pivot, which can now be done with one person’s assistance rather than two.

“These are all little things, but they are huge for us,” Leonard said.

Caperton, who with help from a client at Lifestyles spent a few days in Panama learning all she could from doctors and therapists at the institute, is equally encouraged.

“I am trying to be objective, but I must say he is making drastic improvements and it excites me,” she said.

The next six months before the stem cells die hold Leonard’s greatest opportunity for improvement, and continuing his physical training will play a critical role in the treatment’s effectiveness.

Optimum recovery will come with repeat treatments, and the fundraising for Leonard’s next trip to Panama is under way. There’s a three-on-three basketball tourney being planned at the Lifestyles center, and Leonard is searching for a local business to put up a prize worthy of the tournament’s entry fee.

He’s inviting everyone to follow his progress at his Facebook page, Daniel Leonard Search for a Cure (http://on.fb.me/H6sAtf). And for anyone who wishes to help, online donations may be made at www.giveforward.com/daniellenoardstemcells.

Donations to the “Daniel Leonard Search for a Cure Fund” can also be made at any First Tennessee Bank location or by mail to First Tennessee Bank, 1500 W. State of Franklin Road, Johnson City, TN 37604.

“Hopefully, with the next treatment I’ll be able to stand,” he said. “I’m excited about it. I can’t wait to see the results.”

Stem Cell Institute patients participate in MS Walk 2012

We wanted to give the Stem Cell Institute a presence in that sea of MS victims and caregivers. I wish all of them knew that many of us in those blue t-shirts were there walking, actually completing the whole mile, even though we were once unable to do such. I wanted to grab that microphone that the organizers were using and tell all of them “There is HOPE – it doesn’t have to be what you hear from your doctors so often. It can be more than ‘Let’s keep taking this medication so you might get worse at a slower rate’ ”

I personally never heard about the possibility of actually improving when I went to good doctors here in the US – but I chose to try the Stem Cell treatment in Panama, and I walked that mile on Saturday! A year ago, six months ago, I couldn’t have done that – but after my third trip to Panama in September, my walking, my balance, and my stamina all improved dramatically. And many of those in our group on Saturday have a similar story; some results more dramatic than others, but most all of us have seen and felt the changes that give us that Hope that all of those sufferers at the Walk are looking for.

THANKS STEM CELL INSTITUTE!

Sam Harrell
Sam in Panama

Holly Huber with Fellow Stem Cell Recipient and Texas Governor, Rick Perry

Read Holly’s Blog – I Love My New Stem Cells

SAN DIEGO, CA, Mar 07, 2012 (MARKETWIRE via COMTEX) — Medistem Inc. (pinksheets:MEDS) and Yale University have signed an exclusive worldwide licensing agreement covering the generation of pancreatic islets from stem cells such as the Endometrial Regenerative Cell (ERC). These pancreatic islets have effectively treated diabetes in animal models.

Professor Hugh Taylor of Yale University, inventor of the technology, made international headlines in September 2011 when he published his findings in the peer-reviewed journal Molecular Therapy.

“Medistem is the first company to develop clinical-grade endometrial-derived stem cells and initiate trials in humans,” said Professor Taylor. “Since Medistem’s Endometrial Regenerative Cells are manufactured inexpensively, can be used as an ‘off the shelf’ product, and to date appear safe in human subjects, I am very excited to see diabetes added to the list of diseases that can potentially be treated with Medistem’s ERCs.”

Medistem is currently in two clinical trials with ERCs: One for critical limb ischemia and a second for congestive heart failure, both of which are complications of uncontrolled diabetes.

“Type 1 diabetes is a rapidly growing poorly-served market. There is great optimism that cell-based therapies can address not only pancreatic degeneration but also the underlying immunological causes,” said Dr. Alan Lewis, former CEO of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, the largest non-profit organization focused on development of new therapeutic approaches for this disease. “The ERC is the newest adult stem cell to enter clinical trials. Based on this unique source of cells, as well as their immune modulatory properties, we believe this work may be expanded into other autoimmune diseases.”

About Medistem Inc. Medistem Inc. is a biotechnology company developing technologies related to adult stem cell extraction, manipulation, and use for treating inflammatory and degenerative diseases. The company’s lead product, the endometrial regenerative cell (ERC), is a “universal donor” stem cell being developed for critical limb ischemia and congestive heart failure. A publication describing the support for use of ERC for this condition may be found at http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/pdf/1479-5876-6-45.pdf . ERC can be purchased for scientific use through Medistem’s collaborator, General Biotechnology http://www.gnrlbiotech.com/?page=catalog_endometrial_regenerative_cells .

Cautionary Statement This press release does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of our securities. This press release may contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified. Future events and actual results could differ materially from those set forth in, contemplated by, or underlying the forward-looking information. Factors which may cause actual results to differ from our forward-looking statements are discussed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.